How can precision machining parts achieve micron-level or even nano-level machining accuracy?
Publish Time: 2024-12-31
Precision machining parts play a vital role in modern manufacturing, especially in the fields of aerospace, defense industry, microelectronics, etc., which have extremely high requirements for the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of precision machining parts. In order to achieve micron-level or even nano-level machining accuracy, it is necessary to start from multiple aspects.
High-precision machine tools are the basis for precision machining. Modern precision machine tools usually use advanced control systems and precise transmission mechanisms to ensure stability and accuracy during machining. For example, the spindle of ultra-precision machine tools usually uses air hydrostatic suspension bearings, and the rotation error can be controlled at the nanometer level. The linear motion slide uses liquid hydrostatic suspension guides and linear motors for direct drive, and the positioning control resolution can reach the nanometer level.
The selection of tools and grinding technology are also crucial. Tools used for precision machining are usually made of high-hardness materials, such as cubic boron nitride, artificial polycrystalline diamond or natural diamond. These tools have excellent wear resistance and cutting performance, which can ensure stable cutting force during machining, thereby reducing machining errors. In addition, the tools and grinding technology of grinding processing also need to be strictly controlled to ensure that the geometry and surface quality of the tool meet the requirements.
Precision measurement and CNC technology are the key to ensuring machining accuracy. In modern precision machining processes, high-precision measuring equipment and sensors are usually used to monitor the size, shape and surface quality of precision machining parts in real time. At the same time, CNC technology can accurately control the motion trajectory and cutting parameters of the machine tool, thereby achieving precise control of the machining process.
In addition, attention should also be paid to environmental control during the machining process. For example, maintain constant temperature, humidity and cleanliness of the machining environment to reduce the impact of temperature changes and pollution on machining accuracy.
In summary, to achieve micron-level or even nano-level machining accuracy, it is necessary to start from multiple aspects such as machine tools, tools, measurement and CNC technology, and environmental control. By continuously optimizing and improving these links, the machining accuracy and surface quality of precision machining parts can be effectively improved to meet the needs of modern manufacturing industry for high-quality precision machining parts.
